Futures, forwards and options are used for risk reduction, speculation Essay

Futures, forwards and options are used for risk reduction, speculation and arbitrage purposes - Essay Example will, however focus on three derivatives only; futures, forwards, and options contracts and evaluate their roles in risk reduction, arbitrage purposes, and speculation. Futures are also known as futures contracts in finance. By definition, a futures contract is one that is standardized and features two different parties who agree to buy and/or sell a specific asset with a standard quality and quantity for a price that is agreed on before the actual delivery and payment occurs. However, the delivery and payment day, which occurs on a future date is specified and fixed, and is referred to as the â€Å"delivery date† (Suitcliffe 2006, p. 19). For instance, one may need to buy a specific make of an asset, such as a Smartphone that happens to be out of stock at a certain shop. Owing to the fact that he needs that one make of the phone, they can come to terms with the proprietor that he imports the phone from elsewhere, then sells it to the buyer later for a price that they agree on at that current time. This contract’s negotiation takes place at a futures exchange. A futures exchange or market is itself a neutral financial exchange in whic h trades of standardized futures occur. In short, a futures market acts as an intermediary between the buyer and seller and sees to it that they come to an agreement regarding the exchange of commodities or financial instruments at a certain time with a specific future delivery time (The Telegraph 2014). The party willing to acquire an underlying asset in a later time (future) is called the buyer of the futures contract, whereas the party willing to sell the same is called the seller of the contract. Since the buyer of the contract has the permission to make a deal and await delivery without any variations to the price, he is referred to as â€Å"long†. The seller on his part who has the mandate to deliver the asset on the specified date without altering the price to the buyer is referred to as â€Å"short†. A futures contract, with

Material and the Representational Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Material and the Representational - Essay Example Social and cultural geography have, over time, experienced a lot of change as a result of developments in schools of thought. Modernization processes of various countries have expressed the extent of the relationship between modernity and geography. There is literature that has indicated that modernization is a project of geography. With modernization and its key concepts such as globalization of affairs social and cultural geography have moved closer. In (Barnes et al. 2004), it is indicated that the reconstruction of geographical conditions is as a result of the production process which incorporates nature and society. In this reconstruction, there is the production of a restless hybrid quasi-object that welds together representational, symbolic and material practices of the production process, often characterized with competition. The coming together of social and cultural theory has revitalized human geography. Smith (2000) underlines that the recombination of social geography wi th cultural is a welcome idea. In this recombination, the role of material culture perspective is referred cited as being central. According to Jackson (2000), there are good reasons for contemporary social and cultural geography to incorporate material culture. In the same article, materialism role is demonstrated using food and textile. The flows of these goods and their related activities have social implications dictating the kind of relationships amongst people. While linking culture and the social process Smith (2000), demonstrates how both are related by work. In this taxonomy, culture is delineated as work which is a social process. Their symbiotic relational point-work- is deeply entrenched to political economy (Smith 2000). The materialism of the social geography is also one of the chief ways of representing how a society makes and sustains connections with the ‘social’. In his arguments Gregson (2003), indicates that reclaiming the ‘social’ has a direct relationship to social life materiality. This is so with specificity to key components of the society such as production processes, reproduction and organization. With regard to this reclamation, Gregson further indicate to the need to less contemporary questions on materiality and inequalities in the society. The issue of inequalities, both regional and urban transcends societies. Essentially, it has close relations with representation and the social materialism as regarding the role of organization and the production process. According to a World Bank report, inequalities present analysts with complexity of historical and geographical factors. In these inequalities there are factors such as weak resources endowment and distribution as well as market inaccessibility affecting development (World Bank 2005). As such, there have been long standing disparities. Further, the report alludes that regional inequalities are reflected when groups- social, racial and ethnical- are con centrated in common places. The concern for representation is manifested by the extent of effectiveness of decentralization of resources relative to power concentration. With imbalances in representation and, public policy carries biases and can therefore not adequately address spatial inequalities. This has effect on social mobility, risk

The First Amendment and Its Impact on Education Essay

The First Amendment and Its Impact on Education - Essay Example But how can it be coercion? Those against the Pledge say that, like prayer in the classroom, is completely unconstitutional. But according to the first amendment of the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights, it states just the opposite. The Constitution states that whether or not these are religious exercises, they shall not be impeded. No one forces students to partake in the saying of the Pledge of Allegiance and schools do not give preferential treatment to those that do. However, if a school decides to have an election for a student to present a message at a sports event of the school, then they should be able to. If, the student chooses to say a prayer so be it. Religion is stamped all over history. From the earliest days of man to the Holocaust to the Spanish Inquisition to the Reformation and to the Founding Fathers of our great Nation, religion was always there and prevalent in society. Thus, a student will never escape religion in his studies. In conclusion, if a person tries to stamp out prayer or the Pledge of Allegiance in schools by saying it is unconstitutional, then they are going to have to over haul all of the history texts that students study. Studying history may coerce our students into believing that there is a

The nursing profession has lost sight of the importance of core values Essay

The nursing profession has lost sight of the importance of core values at the expense of evidence based practice - Essay Example Evidence alone is not sufficient to complete health recovery of the patient. Consultation on the patient’s preference coupled with nursing ethics and core values have been known to yield better results (CNA Centennial, 2008, p. 2). Evidence based practice assumes that scientific knowledge is used in the context of a particular problem affecting a number of people in a population (Beyer & Slattery, 2006, p. 1; Houser, Oman, 2011, p. 4). This is regardless of whether these are resent or past results. Newly established health problems may not benefit from the research when the treatment is depended on past research (NCIRD, 2014, p. 1). For example seasonal research studies on how well flu vaccines work has registered varied result based on study design applied (NCIRD, 2014, p. 1). The differences thus make it impossible to use an old research finding as a solution to the recently discovered type of flu. When old evidence is used, the patient’s healing process is hence compromised since it requires real-time solutions that uphold core values to solve newly developed problems (Thomas, Burt, Parker, 2014, p. 14). The core values are related to the basis on which nursing profession was formulated. The core values to a holistic response to the patients and family needs safety, competence, and ethical care, respect for the patient’s rights, decisions, dignity, right to privacy and confidentiality (Nelligan, et al., 2002, p.64). For example treatment care for patients with cancer involves ethical care and respect for patients decision (Nelligan, et al., 2002, p.66). The nurses are guided by the intention of the patient to achieve good health. They therefore identify and respect the patient’s rights likely to be affected by the treatment decision taken. Some patient may prefer never to go for chemotherapy especially when the disease is at an advanced stage.

Prepare a short lesson that is in PowerPoint( at least 8 slides, but Essay

Prepare a short lesson that is in PowerPoint( at least 8 slides, but no more) Topic is your choice - Essay Example The animation type used for the text is the â€Å"shape animation.† This has been chosen since it gives a shrinking-like impression, which tends to illustrate the action of weight loss. In addition, a next button, which gives the person using this presentation an idea that he or she should navigate to the next slide. For this to work explicitly, navigation by mouse click has been disabled. This slide also has supporting notes in the notes area. These notes are meant to guide the presenter in explaining what the presentation is about. In this case, it helps the presenter say more regarding the title of the presentation. In order to have the audience’s attention, the use of sound, â€Å"suction†, have been implemented to signal the begging of the presentation. Slide #2 The second slide contains information about what the presentation will mainly focus on. Action tool for implying emphasis known as â€Å"titter† has been used to help emphasize and capture the attention of the audience. In addition, the main text body in this slide has been animated. The animation style employed is the â€Å"float-in† animation style. This has also been selected to promote emphasis and catch the audience’s attention. It has also been chosen so as illustrate the text in point form. ... The transition is time based, and in this case, it is 2.00 seconds. This is to give the presenter enough time to advance on or explain the points one at a time. Supporting notes have been provided for this slide too. Action buttons to signify and enable the presenter to initiate navigation to the next slide and the previous slide has also been put in this slide. For this to take effect, navigation by mouse click has been disabled. Slide #3 The second slide contains information about what the presentation will mainly focus on. Animation tool/style known as â€Å"fade† has been applied on the heading of this slide. This is to help emphasize and capture the audience’s attention. In addition, the main text body in this slide has been animated. The animation style employed is the â€Å"float-in† animation style. This has also been selected to promote emphasis and catch the audience’s attention. It has also been chosen so as illustrate the text in point form. Th e transitions in this slide are not triggered by mouse clicks but are rather time based depending on when last a previous item displayed. The time interval for the transitions in this slide is set at 2.00 seconds. This allows the audience to follow the presentation and be able to distinguish between one distinct point and the next. This slide, just as slide #1 also has a background aimed at improving the appeal of the presentation and communicating the theme of the presentation. These transitions have been made to display one after the other without the presenter necessarily initiating their display through a mouse click. This is to give the presenter enough time to advance on or explain the points one at a time. Supporting notes have been provided for this slide too.

Islamic Banks and Commercial Banks Performance Essay

Islamic Banks and Commercial Banks Performance - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that conventional commercial banks have a better opportunity for increasing profitability and shareholders’ returns since they charge interest and fees on their customers. On the other hand, the Islamic banks have a lower opportunity cost for profit making and increasing the investors’ returns, because they operate on the principle of free-interest. Nevertheless, that is not to say that Islamic banks are not profitable. The low profitability and return on investment for the Islamic banks are largely accounted for by the fact that the Islamic banks operate on a more benevolent basis than the conventional banks. Additionally, the commercial banks have a better grip on the economy of countries than the Islamic bank, since they have a long history compared to the Islamic banking, which is a contemporary phenomenon. The concept of Islamic and commercial banking has attracted a lot scholarly of attention of late, with different fina ncial scholars trying to understand how the concept of Islamic banking works in relation to both Islamic banks profitability and Islamic banks customer behavior. The interest in studying this area has arisen out of the fact that the Islamic banks operate on the basis of the Islamic religious laws, which is a totally different concept from the conventional banking operations. Defining the profitability of the conventional banks is more straightforward because it is based on the banks charging interest rates and fees to their customers of different products and services that the banks offer to the customers.

Accounting for strategic management & control - Research-based Case Study

Accounting for strategic management & control - Research-based Assignment - Case Study Example Last, two mind maps presenting the Hotel’s problem and the article’s main arguments are also included. The above mind (appendix 2) map shows the key problems facing Boutique Hotel, which could be blamed for the recent decline in the financial performance. First, lack of interaction between the organization and the financial department, situated in the parent company, is a sign of ineffective management. A company’s financial manager should maintain constant interaction with the organization’s manager in order to facilitate a deep analysis of the organization’s current financial situation (Case study, 2014). Ave-Co’s financial department has failed to conduct a deep financial analysis using various methods such as ratios. The current key performance indicators used in the organization are occupancy percentage and the return on investment. From economic and financial point of view, the two performance indicators are overly weak. The occupancy rate for the year 2011 to 2014 were 266.45, 277.4, 295.65 and 299.3 respectively, showing an increase in the occupancy rate. on the other hand, the return on investments for the same years were 6.665%, 9.483%, 13.84%, and 11.95 respectively, showing an increase followed by a decrease in the asset utility rate. Some critical aspect of the company’s performance, such as costs and liquidity is left unevaluated (Case study, 2014). Therefore, both the occupancy and asset utility rate represent a skeleton analysis of the company. The absence of the financial analysis of the company has clouded both the management’s and the financial department’s view to realize the insufficiency of the performance indicators implemented in the company. Consequently, the same old strategy has been in action leading to the decline of the company’s financial performance (Case study, 2014). Second, the preparation of budget is important for planning and controlling, coordinating, communication